How to Care & Clean Your Organic Cotton Clothing

Organic cotton is rapidly gaining popularity, and for good reason! 

As more people become aware of its environmental benefits, it's no wonder the global organic cotton market is booming. In 2023, it was worth a whopping $1,113.5 million. But wait, there's more—by 2032, it's projected to skyrocket to an incredible $25,890.2 million!

Why is everyone so excited about organic cotton? 

Well, unlike conventional cotton, organic cotton is grown without harmful pesticides and synthetic fertilizers. This makes it much better for our planet and safer for farmers.

I remember the first time I switched to organic cotton. I felt a sense of pride knowing my choice was helping the environment. Plus, it felt incredibly soft and comfortable. 

As we dive into the best ways to care for organic cotton, you'll see just how easy it is to keep these sustainable fabrics in top shape. 

How Organic Cotton Is More Sustainable

When it comes to sustainability, organic cotton is a game-changer. Unlike conventional cotton, organic cotton is grown without synthetic pesticides and fertilizers. 

This makes a huge difference for the environment and the health of farmers and their communities.

Let's talk about water usage first. Conventional cotton is a notorious water guzzler, consuming vast amounts of water during its growth. 

Organic cotton, on the other hand, uses up to 91% less water. 

That's a significant reduction! Imagine how many swimming pools you could fill with that saved water. 

Moreover, organic cotton farming practices focus on soil health. Techniques like crop rotation and composting enhance soil fertility and prevent erosion. Conventional cotton farming, however, often depletes the soil, leading to long-term damage. Healthier soil means healthier crops, which is a win-win for everyone.

Last year, I was fortunate to visit an organic cotton farm in Texas. The farmers proudly showed me their compost heaps and explained how they avoided chemical inputs. It was inspiring to see how dedicated they were to sustainable practices. 

Plus, the cotton plants looked so vibrant and healthy!

Another major benefit of organic cotton is its lower carbon footprint. Conventional cotton farming relies heavily on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, which are derived from fossil fuels. Organic farming, by contrast, uses natural alternatives, significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions. 

But it's not just about the environment. Organic cotton is also better for the people who grow it. Without exposure to toxic chemicals, farmers enjoy better health and safer working conditions. This ethical aspect makes choosing organic cotton even more compelling.

One fun fact: Did you know that organic cotton can also be softer and more durable than conventional cotton? 

This is because the fibers are not damaged by harsh chemicals during processing. So, not only are you making a sustainable choice, but you're also getting a superior product.

Now, let's compare organic cotton to rayon fabric. 

Rayon is often touted as a sustainable alternative because it's made from plant cellulose. However, the process to produce rayon involves toxic chemicals that can be harmful to both the environment and workers. Organic cotton, in contrast, avoids these harmful substances entirely, making it a safer and more eco-friendly choice. 

Plus, organic cotton is biodegradable, while rayon can sometimes contain non-biodegradable fibers.

As we move forward with our tips on caring for organic cotton, keep these benefits in mind. Caring for organic cotton isn't just about maintaining your clothes—it's about supporting a more sustainable and ethical world. 

Master the Art of Cleaning and Caring for Organic Cotton

Caring for organic cotton can be simple and rewarding. I’ve personally tried and tested these methods based on intensive research and analysis. 

From washing to drying, these tips will help you keep your organic cotton garments in top shape while ensuring they remain eco-friendly. 

Why don’t we start now?

1. Wash in Cold Water

When it comes to washing organic cotton, cold water is your best friend. Using cold or lukewarm water helps prevent shrinkage and color fading. Hot water can break down the fibers faster, which is something we definitely want to avoid.

I learned this the hard way when I accidentally washed my favorite organic cotton shirt in hot water. It came out looking like it was made for a doll! 

Since then, I’ve stuck to cold water, and my clothes have thanked me.

Not only does cold water help preserve your clothes, but it’s also more eco-friendly. It reduces energy consumption, which is great for our planet. Plus, cold water washing can be just as effective at cleaning as hot water, especially with modern detergents designed for cold washes.

So, remember to turn that dial to cold. Your organic cotton clothes will stay vibrant and last longer, and you'll be doing a little something extra for the environment.

2. Use Mild Detergents

Choosing the right detergent is crucial for caring for organic cotton. Opt for mild, eco-friendly detergents free from harsh chemicals and bleach. These detergents are gentler on the fabric and better for the environment.

I once used a regular detergent on my organic cotton sheets, thinking it wouldn’t make a big difference. 

Boy, was I wrong! 

They lost their softness and started to look worn out after just a few washes. Since switching to a mild, eco-friendly detergent, my sheets feel as good as new.

Eco-friendly detergents not only protect your clothes but also reduce the amount of harmful chemicals, like bleach, released into our waterways. They are specially formulated to be effective in cold water, which is another win for the environment.

So, next time you’re shopping for laundry detergent, look for labels that say “mild” or “eco-friendly.” Your organic cotton items will stay soft, vibrant, and durable.

3. Go for Gentle Wash Cycle

When washing organic cotton, always select the gentle cycle on your washing machine. This minimizes wear and tear on the fabric, keeping your clothes in great condition. 

Heavy-duty cycles can be too rough, causing fibers to break down faster.

The gentle cycle uses slower spin speeds and less agitation, which is perfect for delicate fabrics like organic cotton. This way, your favorite pieces stay soft and vibrant, wash after wash.

By opting for a gentle wash cycle, you’re extending your clothes' life and reducing energy consumption. It's a small change that makes a big difference. 

4. Air Dry When Possible

Air drying is the best way to care for your organic cotton clothes. 

Hang them outside or lay them flat on a drying rack to maintain their shape and prevent shrinkage. Machine drying can be harsh, causing delicate fabrics to wear out faster.

Air drying is also eco-friendly. 

Reducing the use of your dryer means less energy consumption, helping to lower your carbon footprint. And there’s nothing quite like the fresh scent of clothes dried in the open air.

If you're worried about wrinkles, give your clothes a good shake before hanging them. For items that can lose their shape, like sweaters, laying them flat on a drying rack is a great solution.

This simple change benefits both your wardrobe and the environment, making it a practical and sustainable choice.

5. Always Choose Low Heat Ironing

If ironing is necessary, always use a low to medium heat setting to protect your organic cotton. High heat can scorch the fabric, causing permanent damage. I remember the one time I mistakenly used high heat on a favorite shirt—it ended up with a shiny spot that wouldn't go away.

Not a good memory, I have tot say!

Low-heat ironing is effective because it smooths out wrinkles without breaking down the fibers. For best results, iron while the fabric is slightly damp. The moisture helps relax the fibers, making it easier to remove creases.

I find that ironing my organic cotton clothes when they are a bit damp gives a crisp, clean finish. It’s a little trick that makes a big difference.

Using low heat also ensures that your clothes retain their natural softness and durability. It’s a gentle way to keep your organic cotton looking fresh and new.

Your clothes will thank you.

6. Avoid Chlorine Bleach: It’s a BIG No

Using chlorine bleach on organic cotton is a definite no. 

Chlorine bleach can weaken and damage the fibers, causing them to break down over time. Instead, opt for natural alternatives like baking soda or white vinegar to brighten your whites.

You need to consider the environmental impact as well. Chlorine bleach in wastewater can form trihalomethanes, which are potential carcinogens that contaminate drinking water.

Additionally, chlorine bleach in cleaning products can react with other ingredients, like surfactants and fragrances, forming halogenated volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These VOCs can also be emitted when bleach reacts with organic matter on dirty surfaces. 

Halogenated VOCs are associated with various adverse health effects, and some are potential carcinogens.

A research from the World Bank says that about 17% to 20% of the world's industrial water pollution comes from the textile industry, including the use of bleach.

I’ve switched to using baking soda and white vinegar for my laundry, and the results are impressive. My clothes stay bright, and I feel better knowing I’m making an eco-friendly choice.

So, skip the chlorine bleach. Use natural alternatives to keep your organic cotton clothes looking their best while protecting the environment. 

7. Take Quick Action Against Stains

Let's face it, we're all a bit clumsy and spills happen. 

If you spill something on your organic cotton clothes, act quickly to prevent permanent stains. Start by blotting the stain with a clean cloth—don’t rub, as this can spread the stain and push it deeper into the fibers.

Next, rinse the affected area with cold water. For tougher stains, apply a small amount of mild detergent directly to the stain and gently work it in with your fingers. Let it sit for a few minutes before rinsing again.

If the stain persists, use a natural remover like baking soda or white vinegar. These eco-friendly options are effective and safe for your organic cotton clothes.

Quick action is key to maintaining the quality and longevity of your favorite pieces.

Keeping Your Organic Cotton in Top Shape

Caring for your organic cotton garments is more than just a routine; it's a commitment to sustainability and quality. 

By following these tips—using gentle, eco-friendly detergents, opting for cold washes, and air drying—you can ensure your organic cotton stays soft, durable, and vibrant for years. 

Additionally, treating stains promptly and storing your items properly will help maintain their pristine condition. Remember, every small step you take in caring for your organic cotton makes a difference, not only in preserving your clothing but also in supporting a healthier planet. 

Embrace these practices and enjoy the lasting benefits of your eco-friendly wardrobe.

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About the Author

Samira is an Electronics and Communications Engineer by profession, but deep inside, her heart is a nomad! She's a state champion debater, a public speaker, a scriptwriter, a theater actress, but most importantly — A GREEN CITIZEN! She thinks of herself as a storyteller who thrives on enjoying life to the fullest and telling everyone the tales of life.

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Image: Out of the Woods

As sustainability becomes a growing concern, more products are being developed to help protect the planet. One such innovation is washable paper. Explore what washable paper is, how it is made and how it contributes to a greener tomorrow.

What Is Washable Paper?

Washable paper isn’t your typical flimsy material. It’s a highly durable and environmentally friendly material. Also known as washable kraft paper, this material can be easily recycled, reused, and decomposed.

It’s usually used as an alternative to leather and plastic, which are detrimental to the environment. Washable paper also doesn’t contribute to microfiber pollution during washing like synthetic materials do.

What Is Washable Paper Made Of?

This sustainable material is produced from cellulose fiber — a substrate of wood. The brand Zuperzozial’s products contain between 60% and 90% cellulose fiber, along with plant-based latex to retain its eco-friendly properties.

Washable paper sourced from certified responsible wood sources can make excellent materials for bags and accessories. It provides flexibility, feasibility and ease of application, making it a promising canvas for artists and designers. Its lightweight and versatile properties make it easy to cut, sew and wash like fabric.

The paper also boasts durability due to cellulose and latex layering, making it strong enough to withstand repeated use without deforming and tearing. Like animal-based leather, the fiber-based texture crinkles and softens with long-term washing and handling. For instance, Tuscany-based company UASHMAMA offers various types of bags made from washable paper — keep an eye on some items with animal leather details, though.

Why Is Washable Paper Relevant Today?

Given its advantages, it’s no wonder why washable paper is becoming a popular sustainable alternative. Here are some reasons why designers and consumers love this material.

It’s Versatile

Sew, print or emboss on it — the possibilities with washable paper are endless. Its versatility offers various avenues for designers to satisfy the growing demand for sustainable materials while helping the planet. Additionally, the ability of this material to develop a patina gives it a sophisticated look that many consumers desire.

It also provides a unique texture — it feels like paper but is tear-proof while mimicking animal-sourced leather’s appearance. Its lightness and durability make it a popular choice among eco-friendly bag designers.

It’s Good for the Environment

Millions of bags, clothes and accessories are disposed of every year. It can take up to 200 years for synthetic textiles to decompose. During decomposition, toxic chemicals from dyes leach into water sources and generate greenhouse gasses into the air. Dyes contain heavy metals that risk marine biodiversity and public health.

Meanwhile, washable paper is made of all-natural materials, making it recyclable and compostable. For instance, 93% of the water used to produce Out of The Woods’ Supernatural Paper is recycled and returned to its main source. This process helps reduce the environmental impact by conserving water.

You may think the world has enough water to sustain humans for many years, but statistics tell otherwise. While only 3% of the Earth’s water is fresh, only 0.5% is available for consumption. Supporting brands that use recycled or reused water to produce washable paper means helping save the oceans, too.

It’s Easy to Decorate

Washable paper may come in various colors and designs to make bags, gift boxes, notebook covers and other accessories. Manufacturers combine decorative elements such as rhinestones, paint and fabric to enhance their products. Additionally, just like traditional paper, you can print on washable paper.

It’s Durable

Cellulose's long fiber structure strengthens the material, making it tear-resistant and waterproof. During production, washable paper undergoes various treatment processes like washing, stretching and crumpling to make it more robust. Washable paper items like bags are coated with plant-based latex, which adds a protective layer for longevity.

Image: UASHMAMA

The Many Uses of Washable Paper

Discover how you can incorporate washable paper into your lifestyle.

Bags

Washable papers are commonly used in the bag industry for their durability and flexibility. These bags are mainly advertised as a substitute for leather. Here are the main advantages of using a washable paper bag:

• Reusable: A washable paper bag is more durable and has a lower carbon footprint than regular market totes. You can always bring it on grocery runs to eliminate the need to request plastic at the register. It’s also hand washable, making it easy to remove dirt or spills.

• Easy to carry: These sustainable bags are excellent for transporting clothing, household items and food. You can use them as grocery or beach bags without worrying about stretching them.

• Customizable: Washable paper bags make excellent promotional materials. They're ideal if you’re looking for a sustainable way to market your brand as an entrepreneur. Multiple washes will give the bag a more vintage appeal, adding to its sophisticated vibe.

Wallets

Many brands also offer washable paper wallets. These highly tear- and water-resistant items make them a cruelty-free alternative to leather. Washable paper wallets also develop patinas, so they should look more beautiful with time.

Hats

Polyester is a popular hat material. While it’s wrinkle-resistant, it’s not the most environmentally friendly material. Its impacts include greenhouse gas emissions, depletion of natural resources and reduced exosystem quality.

Washable paper hats bring a sense of style and lightness to the industry. They’re lightweight, providing a comfortable feel during the summer season. The unique texture adds a stylish flair to every look.

Planters

Plastic options are generally the go-to for many plant enthusiasts. However, they only have short shelf lives. Once they break, they’re quickly disposed of and end up in landfills. Plastic pollution leads to deforestation and depletion of resources.

Instead of using plastic pots, consider transforming your dull, washable paper bag into planters. Cut them into smaller pouches or simply fold the flaps of your tote to create a sustainable planter.

Are Washable Paper Products Vegan?

Most washable paper items are made from cellulose and plant-derived latex, making them cruelty-free. They seldom contain animal-derived ingredients, but some may have been embellished with genuine leather or other synthetic materials. It’s best to research or ask the brand about the main sources.

Why Should You Buy Washable Paper Products?

Whether you want to start an eco-conscious lifestyle or look for creative ways to be more sustainable, using washable paper products provides many benefits. Here’s why you should make the switch today.

Reduce Your Carbon Footprint

Over two billion metric tons of municipal solid waste (MSW) are generated annually. These numbers seem huge now, but that’s nothing compared to the forecast that MSW is expected to increase by 70% by 2050. Switching to washable paper items is a small yet significant step toward reducing your carbon footprint.

Unlike single-use plastics, washable paper items can be used and washed multiple times. You can easily repurpose them as household storage organizers or planters when you no longer need them. By switching from fast-fashion items to sustainable bags, you can reduce the waste you generate.

Save Money

Washable paper bags, wallets and other items are designed to last many years, eliminating the need to shop for new replacements. There may be some upfront costs, but these will soon even out.

Express Your Creativity

A blank, washable paper item can be easily customized through printing, painting, dyeing or embossing, allowing you to unleash creativity. For instance, you can embellish your sustainable hat with gems, florals and other elements.

Contribute to the Circular Economy

The best thing about washable paper items is they’re recyclable at the end of their life cycle. This means you can repurpose these items into new, valuable products. Supporting brands that manufacture these materials enables you to participate in a more sustainable consumption model.

Image: Papercutz

Brands That OFFER Washable Paper Products

Discover companies that are leading the way in washable paper fashion.

Out of the Woods

This brand produces bags using washable paper and jute. Its products are all Forest Stewardship Council-certified, meaning all resources come from ethically managed forests. Out of the Woods offers totes, coolers and snack bags for outdoor adventures.

UASHMAMA

UASHMAMA offers washable paper bags in various styles and sizes. On its website, you’ll see many ways to use these items. For instance, a small pouch can be a planter, while a big bag could be a hamper.

Papercutz

Papercutz is an Australia-based business that offers washable paper products, from totes to wallets. It’s a haven for every sustainable individual who wants to shift to washable paper items. Cardholders, laptop sleeves and crossbody bags are available for everyday use.

Letterpress PLAY

Elevate your sustainable fashion game with this washable hat from Letterpress PLAY. It’s made from 100% sustainable and recyclable materials, which can block harmful UV rays. Wear it on sunny days or as an everyday accessory.

Try Washable Paper Products

Incorporating washable paper items into your life is easier than you think. Their reusability, durability and versatility make them excellent for any use. More importantly, washable bags and accessories provide a stylish way to save the environment. What’s not to love?

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About the Author

Mia Barnes is a health and beauty writer with a passion for sustainable living and wellness. Mia is also the Founder and Editor-in-Chief of Body+Mind Magazine, an online publication that covers healthy and eco-friendly living. Follow Mia and Body+Mind on Twitter and LinkedIn! 

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Is Bamboo Sustainable?

If you are interested in sustainable fashion, you have probably come across brands selling clothes made of bamboo that were marketed as eco-friendly options. 

Bamboo fabrics have become more and more popular in the fashion industry because bamboo is seen as a material with many beneficial properties, and it can be used to make all kinds of textiles.

Fabrics made of bamboo are soft, temperature-controlling, breathable, and stretchier than cotton. Many people also believe that they are eco-friendly fabrics that do not harm the environment. 

But how true is this belief? How sustainable are bamboo fabrics and bamboo products in general? 

In this article, you will learn about how bamboo products and fabrics are made and how eco-friendly they are. We will help you know which types of bamboo you should avoid and which ones you can feel good about purchasing. 

What is bamboo and how is it made?

What is bamboo?

Bamboo is a woody plant that belongs to the grass family Poaceae. There are around 1,400 different species of this plant, and it grows in various regions around the world, from tropical and subtropical to mild temperate regions. 

It is a fast-growing perennial that can attain heights up to 130 feet (40 meters), and some species grow as fast as one foot (30 cm) per day. 

This plant has been used for many purposes over time around the world, and it is estimated that it was first used as far back as 7,000 years ago. 

More than 5,000 years ago, Chinese people used to build treehouses from bamboo, and between the 16th and the 11th centuries B.C., many household items as well as arrows and bows were already made of bamboo.  

Bamboo was also cut into strips to be used for writing, way before paper was invented. Between 206 B.C. and 220 A.D., humans successfully created paper and books out of this plant, which was fairly cheap at the time. In the 600s, some musical instruments were made of bamboo. 

A few centuries later, during the Song Dynasty, Chinese people started to make clothing items from bamboo, like hats, rain capes and shoes. The plant was a great source of food since it has many nutritional benefits. Humans also used bamboo to produce tiles and rafts, and to burn as firewood.  

In the 1300s, during the Ming Dynasty, bamboo became a common interior building material. It was used to create flooring and beds. 

As millennia and centuries passed, humans learned to use bamboo to make items that were useful in their daily life. The plant has had so many commercial applications and uses!

Today, products made from this plant are found in homes all around the world. Bamboo is used as a building material, but also to make furniture, paper, clothing and home goods. It is popular in traditional Chinese medicine, and it can even be used to produce different kinds of fuels. 

The global bamboo market is an important industry that was valued at more than $53 billion in 2020, and it is estimated to grow by 5.7% each year between 2021 and 2028. China is the largest bamboo producer in the world, followed by India. 

image from Guadua Bamboo

How are bamboo products and clothes produced?

Producing bamboo fabric is very different from making basic bamboo products, such as bamboo straws or cutlery. 

How do we make basic bamboo products? 

Bamboo plants generally take between four and five years to grow and become dense enough to be harvested. When they reach their optimal size, farmers cut the bamboos individually and send them to manufacturers. 

The plants are cut into lengthwise strips for processing, and machines are used to remove the outer layer of the bamboo. After that, several strips are bundled up together and put into a high-pressured steamer, which changes the color of the plant. 

The steamer cooks the sugar contents and turns the strips into caramelized bamboo strips. Because of the high moisture levels, the whole process also makes them expand and become more durable. 

The bamboo strips are then dried, sorted based on their color, and inspected to make sure they won’t break easily. The next step involves gluing the bamboo strips together using a hydraulic press, which creates entire panels made of bamboo.  

Finally, specialized machines are used to cut the panels into customized shapes, depending on the final product that is supposed to be made. After a few additional quality checks, the panels are molded into finished products.  

How are bamboo fabrics made?

When we look at bamboo fabrics, it seems like they have nothing to do with the original plant. That is because the plant goes through an entirely different production process compared to other bamboo products. 

There are two main production methods to make bamboo fabrics, each one leading to a different type of fabric.  

Bamboo Viscose or Rayon

Nowadays, the majority of bamboo fabrics you can find on the market are bamboo viscose, which is manufactured using the same process as rayon. 

To produce bamboo viscose, cellulose is extracted from the wood pulp of the plant: bamboos are broken down into small chunks and are then cooked with chemical solvents to remove the cellulose. 

The next step involves compressing the extracted cellulose into sheets, exposing it to carbon disulfide, and filtering it. After that, it is pushed through a spinneret, which creates strands that are then immersed in sulfuric acid.    

This process produces filaments, and these are spun into yarn. Finally, the yarn will be woven into fabric. 

Bamboo Linen or Lyocell

The second method we can use to produce bamboo fabric is mechanical, using a closed-loop production process.

Initially, the bamboos are crushed into a mush, and they are broken down using natural enzymes. Doing this does not chemically alter the structure of the cellulose. 

The fibers are then washed and combed out, and finally, spun into yarn. The resulting fabric looks and feels like linen, and it is not as soft as bamboo viscose.  

This production method is more expensive and labor-intensive, but as we will see later, it is a lot more sustainable than producing bamboo viscose. Unfortunately, it is very difficult to find bamboo linen on the market at the moment. 

How sustainable is bamboo?

Again, due to how different bamboo products and bamboo fabrics are made, we need to separate them to better understand when bamboo is sustainable, and when it is not. 

How sustainable are bamboo products?

Let’s focus on bamboo products in general. These could include all kinds of items made of bamboo, like cutlery, straws, bowls, furniture, or even paper. 

Why Bamboo Can be an Eco-Friendly Material 

One of the main advantages of bamboo compared to other materials is that it is the fastest growing plant on the planet. It means that it is an extremely renewable resource! 

Buying an item made of bamboo instead of normal wood is a lot more sustainable because bamboo regrows in three years, while trees can take decades to regrow once they are cut. Not to mention that bamboo self-regenerates from its own root system, so there is no need to replant it. 

It also reduces the demand for tropical wood, which takes the pressure off forests in many parts of the world where there is massive deforestation. And the plant can even thrive in subpar soil, where others would not be able to grow. 

As it is naturally pest-resistant, bamboo does not need any pesticides or herbicides to grow, and it needs very little water compared to many other crops. 

Another benefit of bamboo is that the plant’s roots develop to create a fibrous network underground, which helps improve the soil quality and prevents soil erosion. 

Bamboo also produces 35% more oxygen and absorbs five times more CO2 than similar plants, which is great for mitigating climate change. 

Finally, one of the main reasons why bamboo products are seen as eco-friendly is because they are 100% biodegradable. It means that you can compost them at the end of their life, and if they get lost in nature, they will decompose fairly quickly unlike plastic. 

However, the Way We Produce Bamboo is Very Unsustainable

As we just saw, bamboo in itself can be a sustainable raw material to create all kinds of bamboo products. Unfortunately, the way we produce it in our societies is far from being eco-friendly! 

The demand for bamboo products has drastically increased over the past decades. To meet this growing demand, very large areas of land are being cleared to create new bamboo forests. 

This is crazy because, as we mentioned previously, producing products out of bamboo was supposed to reduce deforestation since the demand for other types of wood is relatively decreasing!

The massive deforestation we are observing to create bamboo forests is leading to biodiversity loss and displacement of local wildlife. 

Another issue is that these newly created forests of bamboo are monocultures, which means that bamboo is the only plant that is grown and all other varieties are eliminated.   

And just like with any monoculture, the whole local ecosystem disappears. All the animals and plants that used to live there and rely on the ecosystem for food and habitat either die or need to migrate somewhere else. 

Moreover, monocultures can attract pests more easily. For instance, if a bug loves bamboo, it will have such an abundance of bamboo in a monoculture that it will be able to multiply and it may cause problems to the new forest. 

This is part of the reason why bamboo producers massively use pesticides and other chemicals to grow their bamboo and keep pests away. But these chemicals are also widely used simply to increase yields, which is sad because bamboos do not even need them to grow!  

Of course, pesticides and herbicides are very detrimental to the environment as well as to farmers’ health. Unfortunately, there is no regulation regarding the use of pesticides in this industry and in the countries where bamboo is generally produced.  

Another issue caused by this mass-scale bamboo production is that the harvesting methods are often unsustainable as they lower the regenerative rate of new bamboo shoots.

Bamboo is also at risk from overharvesting. According to the United Nations, about half of all the varieties of bamboo are in danger of being eradicated or already extinct.  

How about bamboo fabric? 

Since bamboo fabric is made with bamboo plants, we need to take into account all the environmental impacts of growing bamboo that we just mentioned previously. 

But according to the FTC, when the plant has been chemically processed to become a fabric, “there is no trace of the original plant left”. The production process of the fabric itself also causes environmental issues that we need to be aware of. 

If we look at bamboo lyocell (made using a mechanical processing method in a closed-loop system), the production process is not perfect, but it can be sustainable. 

The bamboo is broken down using natural or non-toxic enzymes, and the solvents are reused again and again and do not end up in the environment. Water waste is also minimal. 

However, most bamboo fabrics on the market are bamboo viscose (made using a chemical processing method). This production process is very energy-intensive and wasteful, as the solvents are not reused. 

It also involves using a lot of hazardous chemicals, including caustic soda and carbon disulfide. Both of these are harmful to human health, and the second can be a threat to aquatic life when it is released in water.  

Thus, the majority of bamboo fabrics are made in a way that exposes workers to dangerous substances, so producing them is not only unsustainable but also highly unethical! 

Image: Ettitude

So, should you buy bamboo? And where? 

Unfortunately, there is no simple answer to the question: are bamboo products and clothes really sustainable? Bamboo has the potential to be a sustainable material, but depending on how it is produced, it can also be very detrimental to the environment.  

How to find sustainable bamboo?

When looking for bamboo products, it can be difficult to know whether the plant was grown and harvested sustainably and ethically. 

Most bamboo products are made in China where there are human rights issues and almost no environmental regulations. Supply chains are also difficult to trace and there is a huge lack of transparency in the bamboo industry. 

As we saw, mass-scale bamboo production is very unsustainable, but you can choose bamboo products that were made in a more eco-friendly way. 

To do that, look for products made from certified organic (like with USDA) and FSC-certified bamboo. These certifications ensure that the plant was grown sustainably, in a way that controls chemical use and prevents land abuse.  

Try to also buy products that received the Fairtrade certification to make sure that workers in the supply chain have been treated humanely and paid fairly. 

If you want to buy clothing, say no to bamboo viscose (or bamboo rayon) as its chemical-based production process is very unsustainable and unhealthy for workers. 

Instead, look for bamboo linen (or bamboo lyocell), which is a lot more eco-friendly. This fabric was branded Monocel®, and it is made mechanically in a closed-loop system in which few chemicals are used, and water and solvents are constantly reused. 

If you cannot find bamboo lyocell (few brands are using it), Tencel might be a great choice for you! It is made from sustainably farmed eucalyptus trees in a closed-loop system. 

Finally, look beyond the marketing and always buy from a brand that is transparent about where its bamboo is from and how it is produced. 

A Few Brands Selling Sustainable Bamboo Products and Clothing:

If you want to buy bamboo clothes and home textiles and make sure they are made sustainably, these brands have you covered! 

Ettitude

Ettitude has a great selection of loungewear, bedding and towels made of bamboo lyocell using a non-toxic closed-loop system. The brand is a member of 1% For The Planet and certified climate-neutral.

BAM

BAM, a UK-based B-Corp certified brand, is dedicated to crafting sustainable and eco-friendly clothing made from bamboo for both men and women. Their thoughtfully designed collections cater to outdoor enthusiasts, yoga practitioners, and adventure seekers, offering a blend of functionality and style. BAM has set a goal to achieve a net positive impact on people, nature, and the climate by 2030, showcasing their strong focus on sustainability and ethical responsibility.

Boody

Boody sells sustainably produced, comfy clothing essentials all made with bamboo. The bamboo Boody uses is produced without fertilizers, pesticides or artificial irrigation, and it comes from FSC-certified forests. It is grown using rainwater and all the water used is recycled and reused. Boody is a B Corp certified business and it only works with factories that are Fair Trade certified. The factories use innovative computer knitting machines to create the garments, thus minimizing fabric wastage. 

Made Trade

This is your stop if you want many different sustainably made bamboo products! Made Trade has recycled bamboo home goods and bamboo kid’s, women & men’s clothing. They are known for their great customer experience where you can sort items by values like POC-owned, vegan, fair trade, etc.

Encircled

Their eco-friendly Rayon from Bamboo rib knit is made from Bamboo fiber grown without pesticides and fertilizers. Dyes are hypo-allergenic and OEKO-TEX® Standard 100 certified to be free of harmful chemicals. Encircled is also a Certified B Corporation.

Elate

A totally vegan and animal testing free brand, Elate sells refillable blush and eye shadow compacts. Refills are sent out in seed paper envelopes that grow flowers when planted – super cute. The brand also offers lipsticks and other makeup with less plastic packaging, made from Forest Stewardship Certified bamboo and glass.

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About the Author

Eva Astoul is a French freelance writer, specializing in content related to sustainability, simple living, and a growth-focused healthy lifestyle. She runs her own blog, Green With Less, to inspire people to live a more minimalist and sustainable life.

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Image: Spinnova

If you haven't heard of Spinnova fabric, you're missing out. This relatively new textile is the first of its kind to use a unique material and a special manufacturing process to create an ultra-sustainable product. 

What Is Spinnova Fabric?

Spinnova is a cellulosic fiber, meaning it's made from cellulose — a substance located in plant cell walls. It's naturally white, fluffy and firm, with a similar elasticity and breathability to cotton or wool. A Finnish textile company under the same name came up with and patented the idea. Due to its material type, it's also likely nonallergenic and safe for sensitive skin. 

Juha Salmela, the company's chief technology officer (CTO), came up with the idea for Spinnova after watching an evolutionary biologist talk about how alike spider silk and nanocellulose — nano-structured cellulose — are. What if wood could be spun into textile fiber like a spider spins its web? After over a decade, he had his answer. 

Although the idea for Spinnova popped into existence in 2009 and the company was established in 2015, Woodspin — its first commercial-scale production facility — didn't open until 2023. On one hand, this invention is still relatively new and unproven. On the other, it took just over a decade for a concept to overcome the mass-market hurdle, which is impressive. 

Spinnova estimates its fiber could replace 4% of the global cotton supply — a market worth over $47.7 billion — by 2033. The demand for sustainable clothing is still somewhat niche, so its success isn't guaranteed. However, the lightning-fast progress in recent years is a promising sign of what's to come. 

Image: Spinnova

What Is Spinnova Fabric Made Of?

As Salmela's idea would suggest, spin nova is made from wood pulp. It's only sourced from Scandinavian trees certified by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), an international nonprofit that promotes responsible forestry. The company produces all its fabric at its Woodspin manufacturing facility in Jyväskylä, Finland. 

Technically, you could make this type of yarn from any agricultural residual — stalks, stems or leaves left over after harvests — or waste pulp. The company's manufacturing process works on any cellulose-based material, so there's potential for it to branch out in the future. However, it mainly uses trees for now since they're the easiest to source. 

Image: Spinnova

How Is Spinnova Fabric Made?

Many modern textiles are chemically treated. Eco-unfriendly chemicals are used during soaking, dyeing, bleaching orcoating to make fabric stain-resistant, water-repellant, wrinkle-proof or anti-static. Spinnova is different — it mechanically treats the fibers instead.

Spinnova uses a proprietary mechanical manufacturing process to make its fibers. You might think that sounds complex, but it basically means it has a patented machine that separates and refines the cellulose instead of treating it with or dissolving it in chemicals. 

Once the machine mechanically shears and treats the wood, it becomes microfibrillated cellulose, a paste-like material. The machine strips the outer layers, exposing the fibril bundles — microscopic cellulose fibers — to prepare the raw material for the next step. 

After that, the pulp flows through high-pressure nozzles, rotating the fibrils to align them. The goal is to transform the paste-like substance into a textile fiber. At this stage, workers collect and dry the fibers so they can be spun into yarn — and you can eventually wear them. 

Is Spinnova Fabric Sustainable? 

While natural fibers like cotton and wool are far more sustainable than synthetic fabrics like polyester and nylon, their manufacturing process often requires harmful chemicals or resource-intensive production. For example, growing cotton requires a great deal of water and pesticides. Spinnova is different. 

This fabric is one of the most sustainable in the world. For starters, all the wood pulp used to make the cellulosic fiber comes from trees certified by the FSC. Plus, the company replants what it uses so it can keep removing greenhouse gases from the atmosphere. Unlike petroleum or plastics, the forests passively absorb carbon dioxide (CO2). 

Since the fabric is made from wood pulp — not plastics like synthetic textiles — it's 100% biodegradable, recyclable and compostable. In other words, it's zero-waste. You can recover or reuse Spinnova-based clothing instead of tossing it, helping reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat climate change. 

Could you imagine throwing your sweater into your compost bin instead of donating it to a nearby thrift store? It might seem far-fetched, but it's a reality. This closed-loop method conveniently solves the longstanding issue of excess waste the clothing and fast fashion industries suffer from. 

Even the manufacturing process is sustainable. The company uses renewable energy, no harsh chemicals and a minimal amount of water. In fact, it uses 99% less water than conventional cotton production — a good comparison, considering it looks and feels similar. 

Unlike other fabrics that wear down when reused and must be blended with synthetics to be wearable, recycled Spinnova is better than the original. It retains its quality and strength, so it doesn't need to become an eco-unfriendly blend. Best of all, wearing upcycled fabric helps you shrink your carbon footprint. 

What About the Company?

Spinnova is a super sustainable company. According to an interview with Salmela, its carbon footprint is 1.28 kilograms of CO2 equivalent (CO2e) per kilogram of fiber. For comparison, conventional cotton production produces 4.6 kg CO2e per kg on average, which is 72% higher. 

Intriguingly, its carbon handprint — the measurement of its broader resource use and energy efficiency — is negative 6.5 kg CO2e per kg of fiber. How could it possibly be below zero? The only byproducts of the manufacturing process are heat and evaporated water, which are reused elsewhere.  

The company recycles the evaporated water in the production process and locally recycles the heat waste in the local district heating network. This closed-loop method keeps it from generating further greenhouse gas emissions. 

Its other sustainable efforts — like using renewable energy and replanting trees — contribute to lowering its carbon footprint and handprint, ultimately making it negative. How many clothing companies you buy from can say they're climate-positive? It's nice to know buying something would make you feel optimistic instead of giving you a guilty conscience.

Since Spinnova's namesake fabric is its only commercial invention, it can focus on making a truly sustainable product. Plus, since it only has one facility in Finland, it can oversee all operations to ensure workers and machines are performing as sustainably as possible. 

So, What's the Catch?

While Spinnova seems to be ultra-sustainable, there's one catch. The largest wood pulp producer in the world partially owns Woodspin. Suzano — which produced over 10.9 million tons of pulp in 2023, nearly double that of its closest competitor — owns 50% of the facility and provides the trees for production. 

Suzano has faced complaints of deforestation and eco-unfriendly practices. According to data from the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, it faced 262 possible environmental and civil proceedings in 2023. Some of the accusations include pesticide use, pollution and illegal land-grabbing. 

What's worse, Suzano grows eucalyptus trees to turn into wood pulp, which seemingly harms the environment. Its monoculture approach — continuously growing a single crop in one place — steals vital nutrients and groundwater from surrounding areas, withering other plants. Just the idea is enough to put a bad taste in your mouth.

It makes sense that a startup like Spinnova would be thrilled to partner with such a large, well-established wood pulp producer when it was starting. Besides, all the trees it uses are FSC-certified, meaning they're responsibly farmed. However, just because you understand the reasoning doesn't mean you have to agree with it. 

Even though Woodspin is climate-positive and its fabric is recyclable, compostable and biodegradable, you'd be right to find its partnership with Suzano disconcerting. After all, thinking something is good for the planet only to realize it might be tinged by greenwashing isn't a great feeling. 

Image: Halti

Where Can You Get Spinnova Fabric?

Although the partnership with Suzano isn't a good look, Spinnova is still one of the most sustainable textile companies around. If you're interested in checking it out, you're in luck — it's already partnered with some huge name brands you probably recognize.

Halti 

Halti is a Nordic outdoor brand. Its unisex parka jacket, made of organic cotton and Spinnova fiber, won Finland's most sustainable product award in 2023. Voters praised its comfort, design and durability. 

Adidas

Sportswear brand Adidas took an interest in wood-based fabric after deciding to become more sustainable. It agreed to subscribe for $3.65 worth of shares in the company's initial public offering. Apparently, it wants to secure a significant amount of the fiber. So far, it has debuted a hoodie made of an organic cotton and Spinnova blend. 

The North Face

Spinnova's partnership with The North Face aims to set the outdoor brand apart from its competitors while reducing the textile industry's impact on the environment. It wants to provide sustainable, high-performance clothing for people like you. 

A Functional, Earth-Friendly Fabric  

Spinnova might not be perfect, but can you think of a textile company that is? For now, this Finnish company is one of the most sustainable. Although there aren't many wood-based clothes out there yet, you'd be smart to keep an eye out to see how this novel invention impacts the industry — and the planet.

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About the Author

Mia Barnes is a health and beauty writer with a passion for sustainable living and wellness. Mia is also the Founder and Editor-in-Chief of Body+Mind Magazine, an online publication that covers healthy and eco-friendly living. Follow Mia and Body+Mind on Twitter and LinkedIn! 

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Image: Svala

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Sustainable Vegan Leathers

As a textile enthusiast, I get very excited about writing posts like these. I am fascinated by the innovation that goes into creating new sustainable fabrics. It's amazing how some of the fibers listed here can be derived from unexpected sources like apples and pineapples.

Why Vegan Leather?

Animal-derived leather production has been linked to several ethical and environmental issues, including animal exploitation and slaughter, deforestation, inefficient land use, biodiversity destruction, significant greenhouse gas emissions, tannery pollution and worker’s rights issues across the supply chain. Before discussing leather alternatives, it is important to understand why there is a need for alternative materials. According to industry data, a Brazilian leather handbag can result in as much as 1,000 square meters of once biodiverse land being cleared for production. Similarly, a cow skin leather bag of the same size can have a carbon equivalent footprint of over 100kg and a water footprint of over 17,100 liters. While leather has been used for centuries to make shoes, bags, and clothes, the fashion industry is now evolving beyond animal-derived materials.

We also made a conscious decision to exclude some of the plastic alternatives like polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyurethane (PU), which are sometimes marketed as sustainable because they are vegan. While PU is better than PVC, it's still plastic and does not last long. Some of the leathers mentioned below may contain a small amount of PU, but we still believe that they represent a significant step in the right direction. We want to emphasize that nothing is perfect, but these textiles are quite exciting!

Our Favorite Vegan Leather Alternatives:

Image: Veerah Apple Peel Heels (use code SUSTAINABLYCHIC10 for 10% off your entire purchase)

1. Apple Leather

Apple leather is a type of bio-based material that is made using apple by-products from the juice industry. When apples are pressed to create juice, the leftover apple pomace and peels contain a high amount of cellulose content, which makes them ideal for producing new fabrics.

To make apple leather, the apple pomace is reduced to a powder and then combined with a synthetic material called polyurethane. This process results in a soft and durable material that has a much lower environmental impact compared to cowhide leather.

Apple leather is commonly used to make shoes and small accessories like wallets or handbags.

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2. Cactus Leather

Cacti are incredible plants that have many benefits for the environment. They help to regenerate soil, prevent soil erosion and desertification, and even absorb carbon dioxide. But did you know that cacti can also be used to create sustainable fabrics? In Mexico, a type of cactus leather is being developed using the Opuntia Cactus, also known as Nopal. The process is sustainable and no cacti are harmed in the making of this leather. Only mature leaves are harvested, and cacti require very little water to grow, making artificial irrigation and pesticides unnecessary. After the leaves are harvested, they are mashed and dried for several days before being mixed with non-toxic chemicals and attached to a backing.

Brands Using Cactus Leather: Allégorie, Poppy Barley and Lo & Sons

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3. Cork Leather

Cork is one of the most popular vegan leathers available today. Although not all cork products are of the same quality, many eco-friendly brands source their cork from Portugal, which is known for producing high-quality cork. Interestingly, a cork oak tree can produce up to 18 harvests of bark during its lifetime, which makes it a renewable material. This harvesting process does not disrupt the tree's natural lifecycle. Cork leather is not only recyclable, but also lightweight, water-resistant, and durable. Additionally, it can be easily dyed, cut, and sewn, which allows for a wide variety of products to be made using this material.

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4. Leaf Leather

Leaf leather is one of the most affordable types of vegan leather available. Although it doesn't possess the traditional leather appearance, it does have a unique, natural look to it which is hard to replicate in fashion. This type of leather is made from sustainably harvested Teak leaves which are all fallen, so no trees are harmed. The leaves are soaked, dyed, and arranged flat before being set out to dry and mended with cotton fabric. Beautiful colors can be achieved with leaf leather, ranging from green to red to beige to purple. To strengthen the fabric for sewing, a thin BOPP film is used, which is non-toxic.

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5. Mango Leather

Did you know that over 30% of mangos are wasted during harvesting and transportation, while another 7% can be wasted in supermarkets? Allégorie has partnered with supermarkets to collect discarded mangos, which are then shredded into a smoothie-like substance and processed into sheets using eco-friendly methods. The material is transformed into a leather-like substance using a water-based PU as a binding agent. After being colored and waterproofed, Mango Leather looks incredibly similar to conventional leather. It's amazing how this innovative process can repurpose unwanted fruit and provide a sustainable alternative to traditional leather!

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6. Pineapple Leather

Pineapple leather, or Piñatex, is an innovative natural textile made from pineapple leaf fiber, which is an agricultural waste product. When pineapples are harvested, their leaves are collected and the long fibers are extracted using specialized machines. These fibers are then washed, purified, and processed to remove impurities. The remaining fluffy pineapple leaf fiber is mixed with a corn-based polylactic acid and transformed into a non-woven mesh called Piñafelt. To make it even more durable and waterproof, the Piñafelt is colored using GOTS-certified pigments and coated with a resin made of polyurethane.

Piñatex has been adopted by over 1,000 brands, including Nae & Svala, and the company that creates it, Ananas Anam, is a certified B Corporation.

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7. Mirum

MIRUM is a revolutionary material that closely resembles leather but is entirely plastic-free. It is certified by the USDA’s biopreferred program to be made of 100% bio-content and does not use any plastic in its production. MIRUM is made entirely of natural materials that can be recycled once the material has reached the end of its life as a bag, shoe, or belt. The material is created using abundant plant matter and upcycled agricultural side streams instead of primary products, similar to how Piñatex uses pineapple plant leaves rather than the fruit itself. This process makes the material environmentally friendly, efficient, and renewable.

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8. Vegea

Vegea, which is also known as wine leather, is a unique fabric made from leftover grape skins, vegetable oils, and natural fibers from the agroindustry. It is estimated that for every 10 liters of wine produced, 2.5 liters of waste are generated. However, this waste can be upcycled into one square meter of wine leather! To produce Vegea, the grape marc (which consists of grape skins, stalks, and seeds) must first be dried. After this step, it is combined with vegetable oil and water-based polyurethane to create a bio-based material that is coated into a fabric. The production process does not involve any toxic chemicals, dangerous solvents, or heavy metals, making it safe and eco-friendly.

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Here are a few vegan leathers that are very exciting, but unfortunately, have not gained a lot of popularity among sustainable brands, yet. We’re sure we will find many brands using these options in the near future!

• Biofabricated Leather: These leathers are just absolutely fascinating, and created in a lab. Learn all about these incredible textiles at Modern Meadow.

• Coconut Leather: Durable, Compostable, Water Resistant, Moldable & Flexible, Range of Thicknesses. Created by Malai

• Coffee Leather: Over 99% of coffee goes to waste, so why not do something useful with all the leftovers (besides body scrubs)? Created by Alice Genberg

• Mushroom Leather: We hear a lot of buzz around this one! It’s probably the one we’re most interested in getting our hands on, but it’s almost impossible. Created by Bolt Threads

Do you have a favorite vegan leather product you use?

We would love to hear all about in the comments below!

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